Evolution of sex chromosomes: dosage compensation of the Lcp1-4 gene cluster on the evolving neo-X chromosome in Drosophila miranda

摘要

In Drosophila miranda the small multigene family of the larval cuticle protein (Lcp1-4) genes resides on the evolving neo-X and neo-Y sex chromosome pair while in the sibling species Drosophila pseudoobscura and Drosophila persimilis the gene cluster is inherited autosomally. The neo-Y chromosomal Lcp1, Lcp2 and Lcp4 genes are, as previously shown by us, not expressed and only Lcp3 is expressed at a strongly reduced level. As a first step in understanding the evolutionary mechanism(s) transforming an autosome into a dosage compensated X we analysed the expression behaviour and promoter structure of the Lcp1-4 genes on the neo-X. The normalized relative expression levels reveal that all four neo-X chromosomal Lcp genes in D. miranda males, including Lcp3, are already dosage compensated.