Binary-joint effects of acetochlor, methamidophos, and copper on soil microbial population

摘要

Eco-toxicological effects and ecological risk assessment of single pollutant and single target organism were well documented. Many studies have paid more and more attention to combined pollution of more than one pollutant in ecosystems. Joint toxicity of different metals, organic chemicals and agrochemicals to plants, algae, microbial respiration rate, and aquatic organisms was examined (Zhou 1999; Wang et al, 2001; Cheng and Zhou 2002). Many models for theoretically predicting expected joint toxicity have been used to evaluate interactive effects between different chemicals in actual ecosystems (Zhou et al, in press). Compared with individual pollutant, many experimental results about combination forms of organic-organic, organic-inorganic and inorganic-inorganic contaminants are very confused and usually bring about more serious pollution problems. This should be more significant for revealing interactive mechanism of their joint action than that of individual pollutants (Kungolos et al. 1999), Study on combined pollution rather than single one is more important for furthei understanding of ecological behavior of pollutants, and for assessing potential ecological risk in real systems (Prakash et al 1996; Hadjispyrou et al 2001; Zhou and Chen 2001).