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Ancient Chinese Mathematics in Action: Wu Wen-Tsun's Nationalist Historicism after the Cultural Revolution

机译:运用中的中国古代数学:文化大革命后的吴文俊民族主义历史主义

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The article attempts to theoretically explain the origins of the nationalist and historicist turn of the Chinese mathematician Wu Wen-Tsun (born 1919). Wu returned to China from France in 1951 as an internationally recognized expert on algebraic topology, but his career was frustrated by political disruption and isolation from international research, especially during the Cultural Revolution (1966-76). After he studied ancient Chinese mathematics during the 1974 campaign against Confucianism (Pi Lin Pi Kong批林批孔), he defended its relevance for modern mathematics and set out to demonstrate it in his own work. This coincided with Wu's reorientation from algebraic topology to mechanization of geometric proofs. Wu claimed that ancient Chinese mathematics inspired the method he developed, both by its general style and by specific techniques. His use of ancient Chinese mathematics was connected to his calls for an independent mathematical tradition in China. I argue that he turned to nationalism to protect himself from the "uneven development" of mathematics, in analogy to Ernest Gellner's theory of nationalism. The early success of his method of mechanization, however, resulted in more dependence on world mathematics, and a revival of ancient Chinese mathematics has not occurred.
机译:本文试图从理论上解释中国数学家吴文俊(1919年出生)的民族主义和历史主义转向的起源。 Wu于1951年从法国回到中国,成为国际公认的代数拓扑专家,但他的职业生涯因政治动荡和与国际研究的隔离而受挫,特别是在文化大革命(1966-76年)期间。在1974年反对儒学的运动中研究了古代中国数学之后,他捍卫了它与现代数学的关系,并着手在自己的著作中加以证明。这与吴从代数拓扑重新定位到几何证明的机械化相吻合。吴认为,中国古代数学通过他的一般风格和特定技术启发了他开发的方法。他对中国古代数学的运用与他呼吁在中国建立独立数学传统有关。我认为,他转向民族主义是为了保护自己免受数学的“不均衡发展”的影响,类似于欧内斯特·盖尔纳的民族主义理论。然而,他的机械化方法的早期成功导致人们对世界数学的更多依赖,并且中国古代数学没有复兴。

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