CYTOGENETIC RESEARCH INTO SEEDLESS AND NATIVE BULGARIAN SEEDED VINE CULTIVARS {VITIS VINIFERA L.)

摘要

A cytogenetic investigation of 29 seedless and 70 native Bulgarian seeded vine cultivars has been conducted. It has been found that only one of the seedless cultivars is polyploid with a doubled chromosome number (2n=76), while all the rest are diploid. Triploidy (2n=57) is not one of the possible causes for the appearance of parthenocarpy in vine, and the discovered triploid seedlings originate from valent crosses between tetraploid (4n) and diploid (2n) cultivars. The cluster in triploid forms is comprised almost entirely of seedless berries, and the larger-sized seeded berries are extremely rare. The native vine cultivars from Bulgaria do not include polyploid forms. Only a single cytochimera has been observed, while all the others are diploid -2n=38. The scanning electron microscope examination of pollen grains indirectly confirms the diploid chromosome Dumber in the studied seedless and seeded vine cultivars.