Possibilities for establishing an elite mother plant stand of promising grapevine cultivars and clones in Bulgaria through the method of tissue culture.

摘要

Experiments on the growth and generative behaviour of grapevine plants produced in vitro from a large number of cultivars and rootstocks were conducted from 1986 to 1988 to analyse practical possibilities of establishing a new mother stock base forthe production of grapevine planting material. A balanced nutrient medium with some modifications for dessert and wine cultivars and rootstocks, on which a high propagation coefficient of 10-5 and good uniformity and plant viability were achieved. An original substrate composed of waste agricultural materials: flax shavings (50%), peat (20%), rice husks (20%), cattle manure (5%) and river sand (5%) with very good agrophysical and agrochemical properties, well balanced with nutrient macro- and microelements, was created. No genetic deviations were observed to the second passage of the micropropagated plants. Only some differences of epigenetic nature were found in the first years, which later disappeared. The grapevines obtained from tissue culture weredistinguished for their vigorous growth and high biological productivity. It is suggested that the tissue culture technique is a promising method which could successfully be used for rapid establishment of an elite mother plant stand for the productionof grafted and rooted grapevines in Bulgaria.