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Cross-cultural gene-environment interactions in depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and the cortisol awakening response: FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood trauma in South Asia

机译:抑郁,创伤后应激障碍和皮质醇觉醒反应中的跨文化基因-环境相互作用:FKBP5多态性与南亚儿童期创伤

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Despite increased attention to global mental health, psychiatric genetic research has been dominated by studies in high-income countries, especially with populations of European descent. The objective of this study was to assess single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FKBP5 gene in a population living in South Asia. Among adults in Nepal, depression was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C), and childhood maltreatment with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). FKBP5 SNPs were genotyped for 682 participants. Cortisol awakening response (CAR) was assessed in a sub-sample of 118 participants over 3 days. The FKBP5 tag-SNP rs9296158 showed a main effect on depressive symptoms (p = 0.03). Interaction of rs9296158 and childhood maltreatment predicted adult depressive symptoms (p = 0.02) but not PTSD. Childhood maltreatment associated with endocrine response in individuals homozygous for the A allele, demonstrated by a negative CAR and overall hypocortisolaemia in the rs9296158 AA genotype and childhood maltreatment group (p < 0.001). This study replicated findings related to FKBP5 and depression but not PTSD. Gene environment studies should take differences in prevalence and cultural significance of phenotypes and exposures into account when interpreting cross-cultural findings.
机译:尽管人们对全球心理健康的关注日益增加,但精神遗传学研究仍被高收入国家的研究所控制,尤其是在欧洲血统的人群中。这项研究的目的是评估居住在南亚人口中FKBP5基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)。在尼泊尔成年人中,用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)评估抑郁症,用创伤后应激障碍清单(PTSD)-平民版本(PCL-C)评估创伤后应激障碍(PTSD),并通过儿童创伤问卷(CTQ)评估儿童期虐待。 FKBP5 SNPs进行了682名参与者的基因分型。在3天的118个参与者的子样本中评估了皮质醇唤醒反应(CAR)。 FKBP5标签-SNP rs9296158对抑郁症状表现出主要作用(p = 0.03)。 rs9296158与儿童期虐待的相互作用预示了成年人的抑郁症状(p = 0.02),但并非PTSD。在rs9296158 AA基因型和儿童虐待组中,CAR阴性和总体皮质醇缺乏症证实了童年虐待与A等位基因纯合子的内分泌反应有关(p <0.001)。这项研究重复了与FKBP5和抑郁相关的发现,但与PTSD无关。在解释跨文化发现时,基因环境研究应考虑表型和暴露的普遍性和文化意义上的差异。

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