Study of self-extinguishing unsaturated polyester resins. A brief survey of industrial and new achievements

摘要

This paper presents a survey of work carried out in the period from 1961 to 1998, indicating 34 sources that reflect the direction and results of studies of the synthesis, crosslinking, and modification of self-extinguishing unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs). The non-halogenated and halogenated UPRs described in the survey, characterised by medium suppression of ignition, continue to exist on the market and to be sold, in spite of the attendant ecological difficulties. These are resins in which combustion is suppressed by tetrahalophthalate compounds and by brominated diols. The research results described have been obtained by introducing elementary bromine by the double bonds of the polyester reisns. In addition to highly stability in a flame, resins are roduced with high photosensitivity, which is obtained by combining bromine with aliphatic hydrocarbons, the C-Br bond of which, in contrast to the C-Br bond in aromatic compounds, does not dissociate under the action of light. The waste-free copolymerisation of epichlorohydrin with dicarboxylic acid anhydrides is even more effective ecologically. Fire-resistant products and smoke suppressors are combined in groups including hydrated mineral fillers and phosphorus and inorganic compounds (Sb_2O_3, Mg(OH)_2, MoO_3, SnO_2, ATH, CaCO_3, etc.).