Detection of squash mosaic virus, zucchini yellow mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus in cucurbit seeds

摘要

ACP-ELISA was optimized for the detection of economically important seed-transmitted viruses in cucurbits, such as the squash mosaic virus (SqMV), the zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), and the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Viruses were found in seed germs, in seedlings in the 2- to 4-leaf stage, in leaves of plants with 12-14 leaves, in flower buds, flower carpophores and anthers. The results of the screening of seeds on the market showed a high level of virus infection. 'Biserka' had the highestnumber of seeds infected with all three viruses, 91% of seeds carried SqMV and ZYMV and 95% carried CMV. The percentage of infected seeds was high in Izobilna hybrid and in cv. Gornooryahovska 1. 'Biserka' seeds had the highest virus concentration. Extinction values of some seeds reached 0.6-0.8 OD, followed by Gornooryahovska 1 seeds with 0.4-0.5 OD and Izobilna hybrid with 0.2-0.4 optical density. The tendency towards high infection rate of Gornooryahovska 1 cucurbit seeds with SqMV, ZYMV, and CMV ismaintained in seedlings and grown plants as well. The use of cucurbit seed germs is recommended for quick detection of SqMV, ZYMV, and CMV. Testing should be done by means of ACP-ELISA and only SqMV, ZYMV, and CMV-free lots are to be used for sowing.