Genetics and the use of T. aestivum L. X S. cereale L. hybridisation for creating genetical diversity in triticale (2n=6x=42). I. Intergeneric hybrids in F_1

摘要

The intergeneric hybrids in F_1 between T. aestivum L. and S. cereale L. are discussed as perspective parents in creating genetical diversity in triticale (2n=6x=42). Twelve crosses between the perspective winter bread wheat cultivars Bezostaya 1, Bezostaya 2, Bezostaya 4, Karlik 2, San Pastore and Bima 1 and two winter rye cultivars No 59 and Danae were carried out. F_1 hybrids grown under isolator were completely sterile which could be associated with the non-homologous pairing of wheat chromosomes (AABBDD) with rye ones (RR). Considerable meiotic disterbances were established. Out of 2982 tetrads, 96.43 percent were with disterbances referred to tetrads with micronuclei and polyads. When F_1 was crossed freely with wheat cultivars the seed set was entirely unsufficient(0.15-1.00 percent), while for the wheat cultivars it was 84.5-94.4 percent and the rye parents - 73.2-85.4 percent.