Application of Information Technology in Sustainable Managementof Aquatic Resources

摘要

Water is a basic human need, a supreme natural resource; hence sustainable management of aquatic resources needs to be governed by national perspectives. Every citizen should be aware that today's water related challenges can't be resolved just by using last century's hydraulic schemes. Groundwater resources can help in overcoming climate variability and meeting needs during extremely dry weather. However there is a huge lack of adequate data on groundwater. We need adequate amount ofknowledge aboutthe impacts on water quality and quantity from pollution and excessive ground water and surfacewater withdrawals. Regular Water Resource Assessment needs to be done in all aquifers and water basins regionally and also in whole nations in order to gain social, economic and environmental benefits.In today's world it is a necessity to develop an interlinked geospatial framework for underground as well as surface water resources. Development of such web oriented water resource management needs a leadership and management support, technical structure, collecting and compiling water resource data, creation and maintenance of regional water data portals etc. Aquatic resource information integrated with Google, satellite and web GIS will support to plan, manage, design and integrate more efficiently the water resource systems. With the help of Software Engineering and Database Management System we can develop an Information system that can link population, ground water, other water resources, processed water and water supply amount. This system needsto be developed state wise as well as nation wise. By this software system daily water consumption assessment needs to be done. There should be some kind of alertsystem by which threshold crossing moment can be detected and eliminated efficiently. Now-a-days internet is everywhere. We can use social media and World Wide Web (WWW) to spread awareness among the common citizens on scarcity of aquatic resources and aquatic resource management.In this world inland aquatic resources of developing regions are of great importance in terms of economic growth and food security. Water quality, quantity and temperature are essential elements for all living aquatic resources, fisheries and developmentofaquaculture. As day by day the amount of freshwater in this World is decreasing, the lives of various aquatic species, floras and faunas are in danger. This is time to keep an eye on this. It is necessary to develop data and tools to analyze the sustained utilization of inland aquatic resources. For this we basically need proper and updated information about the aquatic species that lives in various freshwater as well as natural water parks. We have to gather more accurate data on this, so that we can help them live longer and also to figure out endangered aquatic species. For better management of aquatic species we need a robust software, which will collect all the information and help in updating databases on various aquatic specie's, flora's andfauna's information. Geo-sensors can also help in this regards. These will give a positive direction not only in water technology areas but also on how updating data, information and assessment practices on aquatic resources will give us critical knowledge, which in turn benefit society, human livelihoods and our mother nature.