An Integrated Approach for Ground Water Resources Mapping Using Sensing and Geographical Information System

摘要

Today, demand for water is increasing due to rapid urbanization, industrial growth and agricultural utilizations. Tim levels vfgroundwater are decreasing over year to year due to the above activities, decrease in annual rainfall and increasing runoffdue to urbanization and deforestation (Suhas et al 2002). Hence, it is necessary to increase groundwater levels in tlie perspective of groundwater use for future demand. Keeping this in view, a model study to increase groundwater levels is carried out using remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GlS)for a part of Mahabubnagar and Hyderabad districts of Andhra Pradesh (AP). The present study aims to delineate ground water prospect zones using fused IRS-ID PAN and LISS-III geocoded satellitedate n 1:50000 scale. The information on base, drainage, lithology, structure, land use/land cover, slope, geomorphology and hydrology maps were generated and integrated to prepare a final ground water prospect map for the study area. GIS was used to prepare database on the above layers, analyze their relationship and integrated map preparation. Eased on the above thematic maps characteristics, four categories of ground water potential zones viz., very good-good, good-moderate, poor-nil and nil are delineated. TJie study focuses on the utility of remote sensing data in he identification of suitable zones for groundwater exploration even in a complex terrain. The result in the form of integrated map could be properly analyzed using the advantage of advanced technology of Remote Sensing and GIS, as the methodology included analysis of many resources and their interpretation. In the final map, artificial recharge structures to increase groundwater levels in low ground water potential areas are recommended. This type of integrated study is very useful for the decision makers to protect the natural resources and for sustainable development.