Le site de Marigny à Sauvigny-les-Bois (Nièvre, France), dans la perspective des occupations du Paléolithique supérieur ancien sur la marge sud du bassin de Paris

摘要

The site of Marigny, Sauvigny-les-Bois (Nièvre), is located on the edge of the plateau to the east of the Loire valley. It was excavated in 2006 over 1,200 m2 and has yielded an Early Upper Palaeolithic level extending northwards. The archaeological level is only lightly buried, largely eroded and more or less perturbed by cryogenic processes. The sedimentary sequence, which is not very thick, is disrupted by two major periglacial events that frame the Palaeolithic level. Thus, the site is prior to the last glacial maximum between 16 and 20000 BP. The archaeological remains are exclusively lithic. Most come from an area of nearly 540 square metres forming a flat level in the centre of the excavated area. A total of 11,157 lithic remains were discovered, of which 10,039 were in the central part of the site. The raw materials are mainly local Dogger flint. Only six pieces are exogenous, with five of them from known sources in the Cher valley (about 50 - 100 km west of Marigny). The spatial pattern of the different categories of remains on the site shows no specific distribution. Refittings are concentrated and refittings of pieces broken by freezing show no movement beyond the square metre. While these data cannot distinguish the time or the frequency of visits to the site, they seem to indicate a certain coherence of the lithic production on the site. The composition of the Marigny industry is dominated by blade production followed by that of bladelets, which depends partly on the former. The blade production is unipolar, initiated by a natural ridge or prepared crest, with tangential percussion for the recurrent production of blades of various sizes with profiles that are rather straight for the shortest and curved for the larger ones.