Resistance of Wild Barley {Hordeum spontaneum, H. marinum and H. murinum) to Pyrenophora teres and Rhynchosporium secalis causing Net Blotch and Scald Diseases in Tunisia

摘要

Resistance to net blotch and scald in the seedling and in the adult growth stages were evaluated in 56 accessions of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum, H. marinum and H. murinum) and seven varieties of H. vulgare. Generally, the screened barley genotypes were more resistant than the four checks for net blotch and scald diseases. Results of net blotch evaluation indicated that 88 and 51% of the barley genotypes were significantly more resistant than the most resistant check in the seedling and the adultgrowth stages, respectively. The H. marinum genotypes collected from Algeria and Egypt (accessions 4, 5 and 7) and the H. spontaneum genotypes collected from Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria (accessions 14, 25 and 43) were the most resistant in both growingstages. For both diseases (net blotch + scald), 36% of the evaluated barley genotypes were significantly more resistant than the most resistant check to a mixture of isolates. According to their reaction to both diseases, the accessions of H. murinum from Armenia, of H marinum from Algeria, Egypt and Kazakhstan, and of H. spontaneum from Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Syria, Turkmenistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan showed the highest level of resistance in the field. For scald,45 and 15% of the evaluated barley genotypes exhibited more resistance than the mid check at seedling and adult growth stages, respectively. Among the evaluated barley genotypes, three accessions of H. marinum collected from Algeria and Egypt (accessions4, 5 and 7) and two accessions of H. spontaneum collected from Afghanistan and Egypt (accessions 14 and 22) were resistant in both stages.