Effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and Nitrate Silver on the Efficiency of Haploid Production in Durum Wheat x- Maize Crosses

摘要

In order to develop an efficient method of haploid production via interspecific cross between durum wheat and maize genotypes, the effect of different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 and 175 mg/1) of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)and nitrate silver (AgN03) in sucrose solution and the combination of these two treatments (100 mg/1 of 2,4-D and 75 mg/1 of AgN03) were tested. Four Tunisian durum wheat genotypes (female parent): two local cultivars ('Jenah khotifa' and 'Biskri') andtwo improved varieties ('Karim' and 'Razzek') were crossed with a maize genotype ('Pioneer 37Y15') (male parent). The best results of embryo formation and haploid plants were obtained when the concentration of 2,4-D was 100 mg/1 in combination with 75 mg/1 of AgN03. Embryogenesis and the regeneration rates reached 26.01 and 22.22%, respectively. Significant differences in the frequencies of developed ovaries, embryos and haploid plant production were observed for all durum wheat genotypes used. The local genotypes 'Jenah khotifa' and 'Biskri' showed the highest frequency of developed ovaries, formed embryos and haploid plant. A total of 877 haploid plants were regenerated with the method outlined in the present study.