OSCILLONS IN SCALAR FIELD THEORIES: APPLICATIONS IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS AND INFLATION

摘要

The basic properties of oscillons — localized, long-lived, time-dependent scalar field configurations — are briefly reviewed, including recent results demonstrating how their existence depends on the dimensionality of space–time. Their role on the dynamics of phase transitions is discussed, and it is shown that oscillons may greatly accelerate the decay of metastable vacuum states. This mechanism for vacuum decay — resonant nucleation — is then applied to cosmological inflation. A new inflationary model is proposed which terminates with fast bubble nucleation.