Cellular automata model simulating traffic car accidents in the on-ramp system

摘要

In this paper, using Nagel-Schreckenberg model we study the on-ramp system under the expanded open boundary condition. The phase diagram of the two-lane on-ramp system is computed. It is found that the expanded left boundary insertion strategy enhances the flow in the on-ramp lane. Furthermore, we have studied the probability of the occurrence of car accidents. We distinguish two types of car accidents: the accident at the on-ramp site (P-rc) and the rear-end accident in the main road (P-rc). It is shown that car accidents at the on-ramp site are more likely to occur when traffic is free on road A. However, the rear-end accidents begin to occur above a critical injecting rate alpha(c1). The influence of the on-ramp length (L-B) and position (x(C0)) on the car accidents probabilities is studied. We found that large L-B or x(C0) causes an important decrease of the probability P-rc. However, only large x(C0) provokes an increase of the probability P-ac. The effect of the stochastic randomization is also computed.