Development of CO_2 terminal and CO_2 carrier for future commercialized CCS market

摘要

So far CO_2 shipping has only been introduced as a secondary option for long distances and small amounts because of the prevailing idea that CO_2 shipping is more expensive than CO_2 pipeline for transporting large amount CO_2. This paper shows thatCO_2 terminal and large CO_2 carrier can play a role of collecting CO_2 from several sources and transporting CO_2 in large volume so transport cost per tonnage of CO_2 can be reduce in commercialized CCS market. Multi-stage CO_2 liquefaction processes are developed to reduce total cost of CO_2 compression and transport. For high pressure CO_2 inlet stream, newly developed multistage liquefaction process with serial flash tanks enables power consumption reduced to 44% compared to single stage liquefaction process. By adopting new design concept of very large CO_2 Carrier more than 40,000m~3, optimal size of CO_2 carrier can be provided for each voyage route and total cost of CO_2 compression and transport is reduced. The results of economic assessmentof CO_2 transport show that CO_2 shipping is economically competitive to CO_2 pipeline even in the distance of 200-300 km for large amount of CO_2 transport such as 10Mt CO_2/year or 20 Mt CO_2/year. CO_2 transport by ship should be seriously re-considered as an effective transport method for commercialized CCS projects as well as early demonstration projects.