Eye exam with indirect ophthalmoscopy for diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis in patients with HIV/AIDS

摘要

The choroidal tubercle (figure 1) may be the most common manifestation of ocular tuberculosis (TB), and one of the earliest signs of disseminated infection. Fuchs described the value of eye examination for detection of choroidal tubercles and diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis in his textbook over a century ago. About half a century later, an autopsy study of miliary tuberculosis in children found that eye examination exceeded chest radiography in diagnostic sensitivity: choroidal tubercles were found in 25/48 (52.1%) of children; positive chest radiography in 18/52 (34.6%).