Enhancement of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) propagation in vitro utilizing the shoot and embryo culture techniques.

摘要

The effects of sugar type, activated charcoal, and naphthalene acetic acid on the propagation of pistachio (Pistacia vera) in vitro were investigated. Length of roots increased up to 30% when sucrose was used instead of maltose and up to four times when 2 g/L of activated charcoal was added to the medium. The number of adventitious shoots was enhanced (up to 3.2 shoots) when a Rugini and Verma medium supplemented with 0.75 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid, 0.75 mg/L indole acetic acid, and 2 mg/L 6-benzyl amino purine was used. To enhance rooting of shoots in vitro, we developed a technique to increase the amount of hormones available to the growing shoots. The hormones were delivered using a sterilized fine needle to the base of the growing shoots. This technique enhanced rooting up to 3 times (73%) especially when the hormone indole butyric acid was used as a growth regulator.