HST/ACS colour–magnitude diagrams of M31 globular clusters

摘要

Aims. With the aim of increasing the sample of M31 clusters for which a colour–magnitude diagram is available, we searched theHST archive for ACS images containing objects included in the Revised Bologna Catalogue of M31 globular clusters.Methods. Sixty-three such objects were found. We used the ACS images to confirm or revise their classification and were able toobtain useful CMDs for 11 old globular clusters and 6 luminous young clusters. We obtained simultaneous estimates of the distance,reddening, and metallicity of old clusters by comparing their observed field-decontaminated CMDs with a grid of template clustersof the Milky Way. We estimated the age of the young clusters by fitting with theoretical isochrones.Results. For the old clusters, we found metallicities in the range -0.4 ≤ Fe/H ≤ -1.9. The individual estimates generally agreewith existing spectroscopic estimates. At least four of them display a clear blue horizontal branch, indicating ages >-10 Gyr. All sixcandidate young clusters are found to have ages <1 Gyr. The photometry of the clusters is made publicly available through a dedicatedweb page.Conclusions. With the present work the total number of M31 GCs with reliable optical CMD increases from 35 to 44 for the oldclusters, and from 7 to 11 for the young ones. The old clusters show similar characteristics to those of the MW.We discuss the case ofthe cluster B407, with a metallicity Fe/H -0.6 and located at a large projected distance from the centre of M31 (Rp = 19.8 kpc)and from the major axis of the galaxy (Y = 11.3 kpc). Metal-rich globulars at large galactocentric distances are rare both in M31and in the Milky Way. B407, in addition, has a velocity in stark contrast with the rotation pattern shared by the bulk of M31 clustersof similar metallicity. This, along with other empirical evidence, supports the hypothesis that the cluster (together with B403) isphysically associated with a substructure in the halo of M31 that has been interpreted as the relic of a merging event.