The velocity of cathode spots with nonretrograde motion in a closed magnetic field has been found to have a component normal to the direction ofjtimes;B, and the trajectory of the cathode spots in this field configuration is not stable, in contrast to the trajectory for retrograde motion. This component of the spot motion can be understood, as has been predicted, by consideration of the Lorentz force acting on a positive space charge, which has been proposed to be associated with cathode spots. The behavior of the motion normal tojtimes;Bof cathode spots with retrograde velocities can be explained by the same model. Further results presented are consistent with a positive space charge also being associated with anode spots.
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