Short- and long-term effects of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor paracoxib on ileal and colonic anastomosis in rats

摘要

The healing process is characterized by consecutive events regulated in order to restore the immune barrier and repair the damaged tissue. This process occurs in three steps characterized by inflammation, proliferation, and remodelation. In the inflammatory phase, an increased vascular permeability, cellular migration, and local release of cytokines occur, followed by migration of fibroblasts and production of collagen and a latter tissue remodelation responsible for an increase in collagen thickness. The failure or delay in one or more in these steps can lead to an anastomosis dehiscence. Several factors can affect the healing of an intestinal suture (inadequate surgical technique, malnutrition, diabetes, etc.) as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used for the treatment of pain and inflammation. The main mechanism of NSAIDs is inhibition of PGE2 prostaglandin production by blocking the cyclooxygenase (COX) active site.