Several three-dimensional dielectric network structures possessing large photonic band gaps are presented. Two of these photonic crystals show gaps as large as 26 of the midgap frequency for a refractive index contrast 3.6:1. Four of the proposed structures consist of three-connected networks and a fifth structure has a mixture of three- and four-connected nodes. The realization of these structures using block polymer self-assembly, interference lithography and layer-by-layer lithography is briefly discussed.
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Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139;