Ecological footprint is one of the most important indicators to measure the environment and sustainable development of economic system. As Sichuan is a major province of resources and environment for China, so its resources and environmental conditions have a very important impact on China's southwest region. This paper tries to measure and calculate Sichuan province’s ecological footprint based on input-output analysis. The results indicate that aggregate demand for ecological footprint in Sichuan is more than its supply and its ecological footprint per capita is far greater than that of the Beijing and the Fujian in the same period. Therefore, Sichuan is in an unsustainable state of development at this stage. In addition, this study finds that the proportion of energy footprint to total demand is 65.29 and the ecological efficiency is lower than others through the analysis of the ecological footprint and the ecological footprint of per ten thousand Yuan of GDP in Sichuan province. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable development for Sichuan province, it is necessary to reduce fossil energy use, to improve the efficiency of energy and resources, to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, and comprehensively to promote the construction of conservation-oriented society.
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