Three-dimensional rotational venography of the coronary sinus tree facilitates left ventricular lead implantation for CRT

摘要

Precise knowledge of the coronary sinus (CS) tree anatomy facilitates catheter-based intubation of the CS, target vein and lead selection and reduces the need for fluoroscopy, contrast medium and overall procedure time in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Three-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA) provides a new means of multiangle imaging of the CS tree that can be applied preoperatively.