Leaf blade phosphorus-chloride ratio at grand growth period in sugarcane genetic stocks and its associations with nutrients ratios, yield components, sucrose and yield of cane and sugar.

摘要

Leaf blade P/Cl ratio was determined in 30 sugarcane genetic stocks at grand growth period of 4 to 7 months at monthly intervals. Leaf blade P/Cl ratio between clones, between stages and their interactions were observed significantly at 0.1% level. Leaf blade P/Cl ratio ranged from 0.226 in Co 853 to 0.540 in CoC 671 and Co 7712 with the mean of 0.346. Clones Co 853, Co 1148, Co 678, Co 740, Co 6304, Co 62399 and Co 62101 recorded low P/Cl ratio in leaf blade, while high leaf blade P/Cl ratio was observed in CoC 671, Co 7712, Co 7704, Co 62174, Co 7304, CoA 7601, Co 775 and Col 64. Leaf blade P/Cl ratio decreased with age of the crop from 0.387 at 4 months to 0.323 at 5 months; and then increased from 0.334 at 6 months to 0.341 at 7 months. Significant positive correlation of leaf blade P/Cl ratio was observed with leaf blade P/N ratio, leaf blade P/K ratio, leaf blade P/Ca ratio, leaf blade P/Mg ratio, leaf blade P/S ratio, leaf blade P/Na ratio, leaf blade P/Si ratio, leaf sheath P/K ratio, leaf sheath P/Ca ratio, leaf sheath P/Mg ratio, leaf sheath P/S ratio, leaf sheath P/Cl ratio, leaf sheath P/Na ratio, leaf sheath P/Si ratio, leaf blade cations/anions ratio, leaf sheath cations/anions ratio, leaf blade cations-anions, sucrose %-10 & 12 months, CCS%-10 & 12 months, harvest index-CCS%-10 & 12 months, harvest index-sucrose- 10&12 months harvest index-sugar yield-10 and 12 months. The association of leaf blade P/Mg ratio and tillers numbers was significant and negative. However, leaf blade P/Cl ratio had no impact on leaf sheath P/N ratio, leaf sheath cations-anions, cane volume, cane density, cane height cane thickness, cane weight, culm basic density, internodes numbers internodes length, internodes weight, internodes volume, germination%, stalk numbers cane and sugar yield at 10 and 12 months and harvest index-cane yield at 10 and 12 months. For good production of sugarcane and sugar or jaggery, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, silicon, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron and molybednum are essential. Sugarcane has been adapted to a wide range of environments and cultural practices and high yields have been obtained through genetic improvement of the crop. The yield for cane sugar production in Hawaii on average is nearly 50% of the highest yield recorded (Heinz, 1987). Golden (1981) reported that the chloride which was normally applied to sugarcane with K as muriate of potash, was applied at two times the normal rate and was absorbed by sugarcane at very high rates when compared with the check.