Update in fetal anesthesia for the ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure

摘要

Because of advances in prenatal diagnosis and imaging, fetal surgery has become an accepted treatment option for certain neonatal diseases. Fetal surgery is commonly divided into 3 categories: minimally invasive procedures, open mid-gestation procedures, and the ex utero intra-partum treatment (EXIT). Minimally invasive techniques allow for fetal intervention without a large hysterotomy, whereas open mid gestation and EXIT procedures require major abdominal surgery.