Characterization of Serbian Raw Clay Materials Based on )0.63 mm Sieve Residues

摘要

Particle size is the effective diameter of a particle as measured by sedimenta_tion, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as classes with specific, effective diameter class limits. The main classes are clay (<2 pm), silt (2-20 pm) dust fragments, and sand (>20 pm). The physical be_haviour of a soil is influenced by the size and percentage composition of the size classes. Particle size is important for most soil interpretations, for the de_termination of soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil classification. The physi_cal properties of soil are influenced by its total sand content and the percent_age amounts of the individual sand fractions occurring in it. Due to their size, sand particles have a direct impact on the porosity of the clay. This influences other properties, such as saturated hydraulic conductivity, available water ca_pacity, water intake rates, aeration, and compressibility related to plant growth and engineering uses. Soil properties and application depend on many factors such as: raw clay row, mineralogical constitution, quantity and cate_gory of accessory minerals, purity and chemical composition, as well as phys_ical and thermal properties. The aim of this study is to determine the mineral and chemical composition of 0.063 mm sieve residues at a few localities in Serbia. Depending on the quality, clay is used as a raw material in the brick or ceramic industry. The sand content is measured in the laboratory by the wet sieving method. The mineralogical composition of the samples is determined using optical and XRF methods. Certain fragments are examined more deeply by the methods used. The results obtained enabled raw clay samples from 4 different locations in Serbia to be characterized as the basis for a more de_tailed and profound soil evaluation