A technique for identifying hydrogen isotopes based on experimental data obtained in the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment is analyzed. Discrimination of cosmic-ray deuteron fluxes from the background of proton fluxes with a significantly higher intensity using information from the magnetic spectrometer and the time-of-flight system is discussed. Selection of smooth functions for fitting experimentally measured distributions of the inverse particle velocity is considered. Criteria for verifying the correctness of detected particle counting are developed.
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