A neotype is selected forTrichoderma koningii. The species is characterized by morphological and molecular characters, the latter including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and direct sequencing of the variable regions of the rDNA (internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2)). The neotype was selected from among four cultures obtained from soil at the type locality. These cultures were compared with a broader collection ofTrichodermastrains and anamorphs ofHypocreathat morphologically conform toT. koningii. Comparison was also made with members ofTrichodermasect.Trichodermaand of theHypocrea schweinitziicomplex (Trichodermasect.Longibrachiatum). According to its ITS sequences,T. koningiiis a member of sect.Trichoderma, showing very low variability in comparison withTrichoderma virideandTrichoderma atroviride. We found five additional strains from various geographical regions that are identical to the neotype in morphology and in their sequences. One of them isHypocrea koningiisp.nov., which we consider to be the teleomorph ofT. koningii. PCR fingerprint patterns demonstrate the high genetic similarity of these nine strains. There was only low similarity in molecular characters betweenT. koningiiand theH. schweinitziicomplex despite morphological similarities.Key words: Hypocreales,Hypocrea muroiana, Hypocrea rufa, internal transcribed spacer, systematics.
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