Both effective antiretroviral therapy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been associated with changes in serum lipids. Data on the relevance of this dyslipidemia on cardiovascular risk are growing. Although guidelines for managing dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients are available, consideration of the changing literature is important to develop a stepwise approach for management. In this review, the 2003 guidelines of Infectious Diseases Society of America and HIV Medicine Association on dyslipidemia management of patients on antiretroviral therapy are merged with subsequent literature.
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