INTRODUCTION: Chronic inflammation of sinus mucosa is a multifactorial condition which sometimes results in irreversible pathological mucosal changes. AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic radical antrectomy in treating chronic, hyperplastic, eosinophilic sinusitis, and to compare this procedure with classical endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomised, controlled trial with parallel design was conducted between July 2000 and December 2004, including 119 patients who fulfilled the clinical, radiological and histopathological criteria for chronic, hyperplastic, eosinophilic sinusitis. Patients were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: classical endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy and endoscopic radical antrectomy. The main outcome measures were recorded in each subgroup at the time of the patient's last clinic visit. In each subgroup, these included subjective improvement and evaluation of the endoscopic appearance of the maxillary sinus. RESULTS: Thirty-two per cent of patients in the endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy group were considered surgical failures, compared with 14.5 per cent of the endoscopic radical antrectomy group. This was statistically significant (p 0.023). Unhealthy maxillary sinuses were significantly more prevalent in the endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy group (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS: In those patients fulfilling the criteria suggestive of chronic, irreversible sinonasal pathology, primary endoscopic radical antrectomy was significantly better than endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy, based on subjective and objective findings.
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