Applications of Modal Interferences in Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Mismatch Methods

摘要

Modal interference is a major topic in optical fiber sensing technology that has been applied to measure temperature, refractive index, curvature, displacement, strain, humidity, pH, and other parameters. In this article, basic sensing principles for the development of modal interferometers are introduced based on core-cladding and core modes. The structures, principles, and applications of the sensors are comprehensively reviewed and potential and future prospects are discussed.