Testing and determination of effectiveness of various materials is crucial to predicting their performance in use. This is an area of concern since scientific institutions, companies and various standards organizations worldwide have differ-ent, and often non-comparative, tests procedures. Many new tests and standards are being developed by scientists, trade groups, unions, insurance companies, and the like, in order to adequately test and/or predict the performance standards, at least on a comparative basis, of different materials. And now that labs with instrumented manikins at the university and government level open to industry, the ability to do the necessary testing is much more available.
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