A key is provided for the 64 recognized species ofPodospora. The genus is restricted to species in which the ascospores have an apical germ pore, a basal hyaline cell, and gelatinous appendages. Illustrations are given for 56 species. Detailed descriptions are included for species which are not readily available and the remaining species are briefly described. The following 10 new species found on dung are described and illustrated:P. attoeochaetafrom Mexico;P. didyma, Quebec;P. dolichopodalis, Louisiana and Mexico;P. gigantea, Louisiana and Arkansas;P. karachiensis, Pakistan;P. macropodalis, Mexico;P. mexicana, Mexico;P. miniglutinans, Mexico;P. pistilata, Mexico;P. venezuelensis, Venezuela, Mexico, Louisiana, South Pacific. The following new combinations are proposed:P. aloides(Sordaria aloidesFuckel),P. apiculifera(S. apiculiferaSpeg.),P. argentinensis(S. argentinensisSpeg.),P. austro-americana(Hypocopra austro-americanaSpeg.),P. ellisiana(Pleurage ellisianaGriff.),P. longicollis(Schizothecium longicollisAmes),P. seminuda(Sordaria seminudaGriff.),P. tarvisina(Philocopra tarvisinaSacc.), andP. vesticola(Sphaeria vesticolaBerk. amp; Br.).
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