Fumigant toxicity of Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. and Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth extracts on three major stored-grain insects.

摘要

The fumigant toxicity of three plant extracts from Ailanthus altissima Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) bark, Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Asterales:Asteraceae) rhizome and Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) whole plant against Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae), Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Liposcelis paeta Pearman (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) adults were investigated immediately. All the plant extracts had potent fumigant activities against O. surinamensis and S. oryzae adults with O. surinamensis adults much more susceptible than S. oryzae adults (P<0.05). The fumigant toxicity significantly increased with the increasing concentration. Against O. surinamensis adults, at the dosage of 160 micro L/L air, A. altissima extract, A. lancea extract and E. stauntonii extract caused 100, 98.7 and 98% mortality after 24 h exposure, respectively. The fumigant toxicity of the three plant extracts against O. surinamensis adults is decreasing as follows: A. altissima extract (LD₅₀=13.7 micro L/L air), A. lancea extract (LD₅₀=18.7 micro L/L air) and E. stauntonii extract (LD₅₀=30.6 micro L/L air). These results suggest that the three plant extracts have potential for integrated pest management programs of stored-grain insects.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.06.006