Tackling NIMBYism in frac sand mining

摘要

The battles between frac sand miners and the towns, cities, counties and states that lie near the mines are well documented. In the US, moratoria have been imposed on counties in Wisconsin and Minnesota for frac sand mining, while outright bans on hydraulic fracturing (fracking) exist in the state of New York, California, Pennsylvania, Washington DC, Texas, Ohio, Hawaii, New Mexico and Colorado. Further afield, in Europe bans on fracking exist in Spain, Germany and France.