AbstractInstruments and techniques for measuring the shear and longitudinal ultrasound velocity through paper in theZ‐direction (perpendicular to the plane of the sheet) are described. The fundamental problems in determining elastic properties with ultrasound on thin, rough, fibrous samples are analyzed. Limits are set on sample characteristics, which will assure that theZ‐direction velocity measurements are reasonable indicators ofZ‐direction elastic properties. Data taken over a range of frequencies, pressures, and surface characteristics are presented and analyzed in terms of our concepts ofZ‐direction wave propagation i
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机译:摘要介绍了用于测量剪切和纵向超声速度的仪器和技术,用于在Z方向(垂直于纸张平面)上测量纸张。分析了用超声波测定薄、粗糙、纤维样品弹性的基本问题。对样品特性设定了限制,这将确保Z方向的速度测量是Z方向弹性特性的合理指标。在一系列频率、压力和表面特性下获取的数据根据 Z 方向波传播 i 的概念进行呈现和分析
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