Because of their specific mineral properties, both perlite and vermiculite lend themselves to a variety of commercial applications, such as in construction and packaging. One niche use is the application of perlite and vermiculite in horticulture, owing to the structure of both minerals, which allows them to control soil moisture and host mineral fertiliser. Vermiculite is a hydrated magnesium-aluminium silicate, with typical composition being 38% to 46% silica (SiO_2), 10% to 16% alumina (Al_2O_3), 16% to 35% magnesia (MgO), and other compounds such as calcium, iron, potassium and titanium oxide.
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