Recent research on fouling in desalination systems, coolingtowers, ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC)heat exchangers,salinity power plants(SPP), etc. where composite inorganic andbiological fouling may be present is reviewed. Crystallization orprecipitation fouling is the most studied type of fouling. Othertypes of fouling are studied in various degrees of detail inisolation. In practical industrial applications, usually severaltypes of fouling occur simultaneously, not in isolation.
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