Biological methods for determining toxicity of contaminated freshwater sediments to invertebrates

摘要

AbstractMethods are presented for usingDaphnia magna, Hyalella azteca, Gammarus lacustris, Chironomus tentansandHexagenia limbatato screen freshwater sediments for acute and chronic toxicity, bioaccumulation potential andin situtoxicity. The 48‐hDaphniatests are recommended as inexpensive, uncomplicated and sensitive acute methods.HyalellaandChironomusare the recommended benthic test organisms, as they are easy to rear and test, they remain in intimate contact with the sediment and they exhibit high control survival. Verification studies (published elsewhere) evaluating the recommended methods and organisms are briefly summarize