This paper analyzes how well the parameters of microscope objectives correspond to the recommended series of standardized values and determines the requirements on the parameters of objectives and eyepieces from the condition that they match the properties of the eye. The conditions are determined for coherent and incoherent illumination of an observed object, and the results are presented of a study of how the degree of coherence of the illumination affects the image quality as a basis for optimizing the matching of the parameters of the illuminator optical system with the parameters of the observer optical system of a microscope. It is shown that a low utilization efficiency of the light flux formed by a microscope's illuminating system can be increased by an order of magnitude if the illuminating system is based on a variable- magnification system. A relationship is obtained that determines the possibility of choosing the optimum system of the parameters of microscope objectives.
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