Field experiments were conducted in western Atakora, Benin, to determine the critical time period of weed competition in hand-weeded corn. Weeds were removed until different crop growth stages and then allowed to reemerge. Other treatments began weed control at different growth stages (four-, eight-, and ten-leaf stages and flowering) and were maintained until harvest. One treatment was permanently kept weed-free and one treatment was uncontrolled until harvest. Yields without weed competition ranged from 2.8 to 3.4 t ha(-1). As expected, yield loss increased with duration of weed infestation and ranged from 38 to 65 compared to permanent weed-free plots. In three out of four site-years, the critical period for weed control started at the four- to six-leaf stage and continued until ten-leaf stage or flowering of corn. Approximately four hand-weeding applications were required in this critical period of weed control.
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机译：在贝宁西部的阿塔科拉进行了田间试验，以确定手工除草玉米杂草竞争的关键时期。杂草被清除，直到不同的作物生长阶段，然后让它重新出现。其他处理在不同的生长阶段（四叶、八叶和十叶阶段和开花）开始控制杂草，并维持到收获。一个处理永久保持无杂草，一个处理在收获之前不受控制。无杂草竞争的产量为2.8-3.4 t ha（-1）。正如预期的那样，产量损失随着杂草侵扰的持续时间而增加，与永久无杂草地块相比，产量损失在38%至65%之间。在4个地点年中的3个，杂草控制的关键期从4-6叶期开始，一直持续到玉米的10-叶期或开花期。在杂草控制的这一关键时期，大约需要四次人工除草。
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