NA;All cases of nontyphi salmonella bacteremia in adults in a Greek teaching hospital over a period of 10 years were reviewed. Data from all blood cultures positive for nontyphiSalmonellaspecies were retrieved and analyzed. Isolates resistant to ampicillin were subjected to conjugation experiments. Plasmid DNA electrophoresis and restriction endonuclease analysis were performed. Twentyhyphen;eight cases lpar;16 men, 12 womenrpar; were identified.Salmonella enteritidiswas the most frequently isolated species lpar;22 patients, 78.6percnt; of all nontyphi salmonella bacteremiasrpar;. Patients with primary nontyphi salmonella bacteremia had an underlying condition significantly more often than patients with secondary lpar;associated with gastroenteritisrpar; nontyphi salmonella bacteremia lpar;Pequals; .00003rpar;. The most common underlying condition was hematologic disease. In two patients lpar;7.1percnt;rpar;, at least one septic metastasis was documented during hospitalization. Only one patient lpar;3.6percnt;rpar; died as a result of the salmonella infection. Although the majority of blood isolates lpar;67.9percnt;rpar; were sensitive to antibiotics, there has been a steady presence of ampicillinhyphen;resistant nontyphi salmonellae since 1990. Ampicillin resistance was mediated by a conjugative plasmid with a molecular weight of about 35 MDa.
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