Effect of Genotype, Explant and Growth Regulators on Induction and Morphology of Callus In Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

摘要

Callus cultures were established from different explants in two hot pepper cultivars viz., Punjab Surkh and Punjab Guchhedar using ten different modified MS media compositions. In Punjab Surkh, callus induction from cotyledon explants was maximum on MS medium supplemented with 3,0 mgl~(-1) 2,4-D, 0.5 mgl~(-1) Kin, 6% sucrose and 600 mgl~(-1) proline, while in Punjab Guchhedar maximum callus induction was on medium having 2.0 mgl~(-1) 2,4-D, 0.5 mgl~(-1) Kin, 6% sucrose and 600 mgl~(-1) proline. Epicotyl explants from Punjab Surkh responded better (87.13%) to 2.0 mgl~(-1) NAA, 0.5 mgl~(-1) Kin and 2.0 mgl~(-1) IAA, while epicotyl explants from Punjab Guchhedar (78.33%) responded better on 2.0 mgl~(-1) 2,4-D, 2.0 mgl~(-1) Kin. Hypocotyl explants responded better to MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl~(-1) 2,4-D, 0.5 mgl~(-1) Kin and 2.0 mgl~(-1) IAA in both Punjab Surkh and Punjab Guchhedar, the interaction between medium and age was non-significant. In leaf explant, MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mgl~(-1) 2,4-D and 0.5 mgl~(-1) Kin induced maximum callusing in both the cultivars. Addition of 6% sucrose and 600 mgl~(-1) proline was enhanced callusing and resulted in compact and nodular calli. Callus morphology was varied highly with the type of explant used in both the cultivars. It took 8-10 days for initiation of callus irrespective of explant type,