Optimal treatment for carcinomain situ

摘要

The variable course of carcinomain situ(CIS) and the high rate and long duration of complete response to baccilus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy now provide patients with the option of postponing radical cystectomy. Immunotherapy with intravesical interferon-alpha;-2b is promising, and there are long-term responses to intravesical chemotherapy, thereby providing further options to the former standard treatment, radical cysto-urethrectomy.