The 3‐dimensional phase diagram in quaternary systems of polymers and solvents

摘要

AbstractA 3‐dimensional phase diagram based on the equilateral tetrahedron has been developed to aid the visualization of the phase relation in a quaternary, multiphase system involving polymers and solvents. The technique developed is straightforward. It presents a clear picture of the “tie rods” and the “equilibrium surfaces” in a quaternary system as compared to the “tie lines” and “equilibrium curves” in a ternary system. With the aid of this 3‐dimensional phase diagram, one can minimize the experimental effort in establishing the phase relations of