A review on high-temperature thermochemical heat storage: Particle reactors and materials based on solid–gas reactions

摘要

In order to produce electricity beyond insolation hours and supply to the electricalgrid, thermal energy storage (TES) system plays a major role in CSP (concentratedsolar power) plants. Current CSP plants use molten salts as bothsensible heat storage media and heat transfer fluid, to operate up to 560 C. Tomeet the future high operating temperature and efficiency, thermochemicalstorage (TCS) emerged as an attractive alternatives for next generation CSPplants. In these systems, the solar thermal energy is stored by endothermicreaction and subsequently released when the energy is needed by exothermicreversible reaction. This review compares and summarizes different thermochemicalstorage systems that are currently being investigated, especially TCSbased on metal oxides. Various experimental, numerical, and technologicalstudies on the development of particle reactors and materials for hightemperatureTCS applications are presented. Advantages and disadvantages ofdifferent types heat storage systems (sensible, latent, and thermochemical),and particle receivers (stacked, fluidized, and entrained), have been discussedand reported.