Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Solanum tuberosum L. Cultivars by the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics under Postharvest Conditions

摘要

Abstract Postharvest storage of potatoes may result in compositional and textural changes, which may differ among different genotypes. These changes have been less documented in the literature. Ten potato cultivars (“Picasso”, “Red Scarlet”, “Sifra”, “Challenger”, “Sante”, “Banba”, “Arinda”, “Agria”, “Fontane’, and ‘Innovator”) were evaluated in pre- and post-harvest experiments. In the pre-harvest experiment, tuber number, diameter, and fresh weight of the plants were evaluated. Later, the traits were evaluated in three stages, including at harvest time and 90 and 180 days after harvest during storage. Fresh weight, dry weight, volume weight, firmness, TSS and carbohydrates, phenolic and vitamin C content, antioxidant activity, beta-carotene content, POX activity, and protein and starch content of the tubers were assessed. All the traits were significantly different among cultivars at both pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. “Red Scarlet”, “Challenger”, and “Innovator” are suitable cultivars for fresh consumption, and some including “Picasso”, “Sante” and “Banba” are appropriate for processing such as chips production. It was also found that some cultivars, e.g., “Challenger” and “Sante”, had longer shelf-life and acceptable marketability after six months of storage.