After the reading this article, you should be able to: Understand how the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance has changed and how this affects the management of chronic kidney disease, including renal anaemia; Detail the available treatments for anaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease, including intravenous iron preparations (#h-management-of-oral-and-intravenous-iron) and ervthropoiesis-stimulating agents (#h-ervthropoiesis-stimulating-agents): Understand that the emergence of hypoxia-inducible factor prolvl-hvdroxvlase inhibitors (#h-hvpoxia-inducible-factor-prolvl-hvdroxvlase-inhibitors) offers an alternative to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in the management of renal anaemia.
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